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BIO 550 Week 6 Discussion Questions Essay Assignment Paper
BIO 550 Week 6 Discussion Questions
DQ1 Does association imply causation? Why or why not?
DQ2 Are weak associations indicative of a noncausal relationship? Select two other peers postings and debate their rationale.
Most studies include multiple response variables, and the dependencies among them are often of great interest. For example, we may wish to know whether the levels of mRNA and the matching protein vary together in a tissue, or whether increasing levels of one metabolite are associated with changed levAre weak associations indicative of a noncausal relationship? Select two other peers postings and debate their rationale.els of another. This month we begin a series of columns about relationships between variables (or features of a system), beginning with how pairwise dependencies can be characterized using correlation.
BIO 550 Week 6 Discussion Questions
BIO 550 Week 6 Discussion Questions
Two variables are independent when the value of one gives no information about the value of the other. For variables X and Y, we can express independence by saying that the chance of measuring any one of the possible values of X is unaffected by the value of Y, and vice versa, or by using conditional probability, P(X|Y) = P(X). For example, successive tosses of a coin are independent—for a fair coin, P(H) = 0.5 regardless of the outcome of the previous toss, because a toss does not alter the properties of the coin. In contrast, if a system is changed by observation, measurements may become associated or, equivalently, dependent. Cards drawn without replacement are not independent; when a red card is drawn, the probability of drawing a black card increases, because now there are fewer red cards.
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